Distinguishing matrix, capable of learning for groups of analog signals

摘要

1,046,688. Conditionable translating circuits. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES Ltd. June 11, 1965 [June 12, 1964], No. 24747/65. Addition to 992,170. Heading G4R. An electric translating circuit for identifying sets of n analogue signals comprises a coordinate array of switching elements, Fig. 1 (not shown), having m row conductors, one for each possible set of input signals, (n + 1) column conductors, n for the m analogue signals of a set and an auxiliary (n + 1)th conductor. At every intersection there is a switching element. In the first part of a learning phase for each set the analogue signals of the set to be learned are applied to the column conductors 1 to n and the appropriate row conductor is energized so that the switching elements are set proportionally to the corresponding analogue signals. In the second part of the learning phase the n elements set are interrogated to obtain a signal representing the sum of the squares of the corresponding individual analogue signals which is used to set the switching element of the (n + 1)th column conductor proportionally. In the recognition phase the set of analogue signals to be recognized is applied to the column conductors and the (n + 1)th conductor is interrogated by a negative signal so that a value corresponding to the setting of the associated element is subtracted from the match signal produced in the other n switching elements. The row conductor having the lowest result indicates the one corresponding to the received set of analogue signals. For the first part of the learning phase the input analogue voltages are converted to current pulses which, when the corresponding row conductor is energized, set transfluxors at the crossing points. For the second part of this phase the input voltages are converted to high-frequency A.C. signals which read out the settings of the transfluxors without altering their settings. The row wire has a signal induced in it by each transfluxor proportional to the product of its setting and the input voltage i.e. to the square of the input voltage. The signals are summed on the row conductor and is switched to a writing generator connected to the (n + 1)th column conductor. This in coincidence with the row conductor current sets the transfluxor of the (n + 1)th column to a value proportional to the sum of the squares of the pattern to be learned. In the recognition phase a signal of magnitude - 1 is applied to the auxiliary column, and the input set of voltages is applied to the column conductors 1 to n as a current pulse. An exact match would exactly cancel the signal from the auxiliary transfluxor, giving a zero output. The lowest output is detected by a comparator circuit to identify the input pattern.