| 摘要 |
A mixture containing nitric and acetic acids is treated with nitric oxide to reduce a major proportion of the nitric acid to nitrogen peroxide, and the nitrogen peroxide and the acetic acid are separated. If the mixture to be treated contains water, it is preferably first treated, if necessary, to reduce its water content to not more than 1,5 mols. per mol. of nitric acid. More preferably, an aqueous mixture containing nitric and acetic acids is distilled so as to yield, as bottom product, an azeotropic mixture containing about 1 mol. of nitric acid and 2 mols. of acetic acid, the overhead distillation product comprising all the water and the excess of nitric or acetic acid over that required to form the azeotrope. The overhead product is treated in known manner to recover the acid, and the azeotrope is treated with nitric oxide, preferably at above 21 DEG C., until up to 75% of the nitric acid has been reduced. The nitrogen peroxide is recovered in known manner and the reaction residue, comprising water (produced in the reduction of the nitric acid), acetic acid and unreduced nitric acid may be returned, together with fresh mixture, to the distillation vessel in which the azeotrope is produced. Alternatively, acetic acid may be distilled from the reaction product together with the nitrogen peroxide. The reaction may be effected at atmospheric, reduced or raised pressure.ALSO:A mixture containing nitric and acetic acids is treated with nitric oxide to reduce a major proportion of the nitric acid to nitrogen peroxide, and the nitrogen peroxide and the acetic acid p are separated. If the mixture to be treated contains water, it is preferably first treated, if necessary, to reduce its water content to not more than 1.5 mols. per mol. of nitric acid. More preferably, an aqueous mixture containing nitric and acetic acids is distilled so as to yield, as bottom product, an azeotropic mixture containing about 1 mol. of nitric acid and 2 mols. of acetic acid, the overhead distillation product comprising all the water and the excess of nitric or acetic acid over that required to form the azeotrope. The overhead product is treated in known manner to recover the acid, and the azeotrope is treated with nitric oxide, preferably at above 21 DEG C., until up to 75% of the nitric acid has been reduced. The nitrogen peroxide is recovered in known manner and the reaction residue, comprising water (produced in the reduction of the nitric acid), acetic acid and unreduced nitric acid may be returned, together with fresh mixture, to the distillation vessel in which the azeotrope is produced. Alternatively, acetic acid may be distilled from the reaction product together with the nitrogen peroxide. The reaction may be effected at atmospheric, reduced or raised pressure. |
