| 摘要 |
Fibrous materials are dyed or printed with aqueous preparations containing phthalocyanine dyestuffs, which contain acidic groups imparting solubility in water and do not form covalent bonds with the fibrous material or with aminoplasts, and contain aminoplasts that are soluble or at least dispersible in water, and the material is then cured in the presence of an acidic catalyst. The fibrous materials may be paper, leather or glass fibres or textile fibres of cellulose acetate, polyamide, polyurethane, polyacrylonitrile, polyesters or especially cellulose fibres such as spun rayon, linen or cotton. The phthalocyanine dyestuffs preferably contain 3 or 4 sulphonic acid groups and must be free of substituents reactive with the fibres or with aminoplasts; they may, however, be substituted with methyl or phenyl groups or halogen atoms. The phthalocyanine dyestuffs are preferably in the form of complexes with manganese, cobalt, nickel and especially copper. A great number of aminoplasts are listed, among which are the methylol or methylol ether derivatives of ethylene-urea, glyoxal-diureine and melamine. The aqueous preparations may also contain water-in-soluble aminoplasts and thermoplastic polymer emulsions which may or may not be capable of cross-linking with the aminoplasts, for example, a polyethylene emulsion as a softener (many others specified). The acidic catalyst may be ammonium sulphate, ammonium chloride, diammonium phosphate, zinc intrate, zinc fluoborate or ammonium silicofluoride. The aqueous preparations are preferably applied at 10-40 DEG C in a continuous manner, e.g. by printing or padding and they may further contain wetting or dispensing agents, solvents or lubricants and also the printing pastes may contain thickeners such as starch tragacanth methyl cellulose or an oil-in-water emulsion as well as a hydrotropic agent such as urea. The fibrous material may be dried, e.g. below 100 DEG C. prior to curing. In the case of textile materials of regenerated cellulose it is of advantage to let the moist material lie for 1-6 hours before drying. Curing may be effected at 120-180 DEG C. by steaming or dry heat. Depending upon the ingredients of the aqueous preparation additional effects may be obtained such as crease and shrink resistance, permanent calender effects, water repellancy and modification of handle. Unfixed dyestuff may be removed by rinsing at 40-80 DEG C. in a soap or synthetic detergent solution. Examples of dyeing and printing fabrics of spun rayon and cotton are given. |
