| 摘要 |
PURPOSE: A transfer member and an image forming apparatus using the same are provided to suppress resistance increase by continuous use and offer stable transferability during a long time. CONSTITUTION: Charging members(2a-2d) contactably disposed to an image bearing member and supplied with a bias voltage include a resistance layer having ionic electrical conductivity. The resistance layer comprises a foamed elastic member and satisfies certain relationships. B is less than or same to a value((5/3)xA-0.3), and is greater than or same to 0.6, The value(A) represents a surface bubble-containing density measured, in a state that air bubbles are attached to the surface of the resistance layer, by immersion method according to JIS Z 8807. The value(B) represents a surface bubble-removed density measured, in a state that the air bubbles are removed from the surface of the resistance layer, by immersion method according to JIS Z 8807.
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