BUBBLE-FREE AND PRESSURE-GENERATING ELECTRODES FOR ELECTROPHORETIC AND ELECTROOSMOTIC DEVICES

摘要

Bubble free electrodes in electrochemical cells and/or analytical devices having methods for preparing and using them. The analytical device includes the electrochemical cell having an anodic and cathodic reservoir with a bubb le free electrode disposed within attached to a power source provided for polarity inversion or contact switching of the electrodes. The analytical device further includes a sample containment chamber and inlets and outlets for introducing the sample to the chamber and method of moving sample using electroosmotic flow or pressure.