| 摘要 |
1. A method for producing tubes or other hollow articles with an extended length comprising impregnating a fibrous filler with a binder, winding said filler on a forming body and solidifying the polymeric material while ensuring the continuous production of the finished article (tube), characterized in that the continuous production of the finished article from the forming body is achieved by imparting a reciprocating movement to the whole forming body or to its separate constituent members and involves applying towards the outer surface of the article (tube) and on the support side a rotating momentum as well as an axial force using the friction forces of the support members which are in contact with the article (tube), wherein said members perform a forced rotation as well as a forced reciprocating movement. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the displacement speed of the whole forming body or to its separate constituent members in the direction opposite to the direction for producing the finished article (tube) is determined from the relation stipulating that the friction force generated during this displacement is lower than the force of inertia of the finished article (tube) exiting the device, or lower than the friction force retaining the article (tube) on a portion of the members of the forming body. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the displacement speed of the whole forming body (tube) or to its separate constituent members in the direction opposite to the direction for producing the finished article (tube) is at least 250 times higher than the speed of the production of the finished article (tube). 4. The method according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the displacement speed of the support elements is equal to the speeds of the forming body. 5. The method according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the number of members in the forming body as well as their displacement speed in the production direction and in the opposite one are determined from the relation stipulating that the forces applied from the members of the forming body and from the support members towards the article should be higher than the friction force applied from the members of the forming body in the direction opposite to the production direction of the article. 6. The method according to any preceding claim, characterized in that after the removal of the article (tube) from the forming body an additional layer of transversely directed filler is wound on the article with higher binder content and subsequent solidifying of said layer. 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the additional layer of transversely directed filler with higher binder content is about 0,5 to 1,0 mm thick. 8. The method according to any preceding claim, characterized in that when producing articles (tubes) with walls exceeding 7 mm the main thickness of the wall is wound in two layers with a preliminary solidifying the first layer, wherein a binder with a higher shrinkage is used for winding the second layer. 9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that both layers have about the same thickness. 10. The method according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the support is positioned in the place of the article removal from the forming body. 11. A method for producing tubes or other hollow articles with an extended length comprising impregnating a fibrous filler with a binder, winding said filler on a forming body and solidifying the polymeric material while ensuring the continuous production of the finished article, characterized in that after the removal of the article from the forming body an additional layer of transversely directed filler is wound on the article with higher binder content and subsequent solidifying of said layer. 12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the additional layer of transversely directed filler with higher binder content is about 0,5 to 1,0 mm thick. 13. A method for producing tubes or other hollow articles with an extended length comprising impregnating a fibrous filler with a binder, winding said filler on a forming body and solidifying the polymeric material while ensuring the continuous production of the finished article, characterized in that when producing articles (tubes) with walls exceeding 7 mm the main thickness of the wall is wound in two layers with a preliminary solidifying the first layer, wherein a binder with a higher shrinkage is used for winding the second layer. 14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that both layers have about the same thickness. 15. A device method for producing tubes or other hollow articles with an extended length comprising a forming body mounted on a stand, a filler spreader, a means ensuring an article polymerization, and a support interacting with a an article (tube) being removed from the forming body, characterized in that the support comprises a rotor with grooves, said rotor arranged co-axially with the forming body, a rotating drive mechanism for rotating the rotor with a speed of the forming body, bearing shoes are arranged in the grooves, each of the shoe is provided with radial and axial guides, as well as radial driving mechanisms for both disconnecting the shoes from the article outer surface and engaging the shoes with a predetermined effort providing a contact with an article and fixing the contact, and axial drive mechanisms for a reciprocating movement of the shoes. 16. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that the inner surfaces of the shoes coincide the surfaces of an article (tube) being produced. 17. The device according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the axial drive mechanisms are adapted to provide the shoes, being in the fixed contact with the outer surface of the article (tube) a displacement with the speed of article removal from the forming body, and the shoes, being out of the contact with the article a reverse axial movement. 18. The device according to any of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the device is provided with a feed and return means ensuring the whole forming body or to its separate constituent members to make reciprocating movements. 19. The device according to claim 18, characterized in that the displacement speed in the direction opposite to the direction for producing the finished article is determined from the relation stipulating that the friction force generated during this displacement is lower than the force of inertia of the finished article (tube) exiting the device, or lower than the friction force retaining the article (tube) on a portion of the members of the forming body. 20. The device according to claim 19, characterized in that the displacement speed of the whole forming body (tube) or to its separate constituent members in the direction opposite to the direction for producing the finished article (tube) is at least 250 times higher than the speed of the production of the finished article (tube). 21. The device according to any of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that the separate constituent members of the forming body are designed in the form of sectors, and the feed and return means is designed in the form of the sector's drive. 22. The device according to claim 21, characterized in that the sector's drive is designed in the form of a copying unit, the device is provided with independent drives for rotating the forming body and the copying unit, the radial drive mechanisms are designed in the form of a control disk, having a radial copy, radial rods connected to the corresponding shoes and ending with a roller, levers arranged on the rotor, each of them is adapted to rotate around the axis parallel to the rotor axis, and having a profile cam on one arm for interacting with the roller rod, and a roller on another arm for interacting with the radial copy of the control disk, compression springs adapted to interact with a corresponding rod for pulling the shoe out of the article in a radial direction, and springs adapted to interact with the corresponding lever such that the shoe is pressed to the article, the axial drive mechanisms are designed in the form of a copying rotor with a rotating drive mechanism arranged co-axially to the forming body and kinematically connected to the control disk and having a circular axial copy, bushings coupled with the radial rods, axial pushers rigidly connected to the corresponding bushing and having a roller for interacting with the axial copy, the profile and mutual position of copies and the parameters of the lever and cam mechanism are determined based on the conditions of the shoes movements. 23. The device according to any of claims 18 to 22, characterized in that a cantilever parts of the sectors of the forming body form an inner cavity where inner supporting elements are housed. 24. The device according to claim 23, characterized in that the inner supporting elements are made in the form of either balls or polyhedrons or alternate balls and polyhedrons, the total length of the inner supporting elements along the forming body axis not exceeding 1/3 of the length of the cantilever arm of the sector block. 25. The device according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that the diametrically opposite sectors are rigidly connected. 26. The device according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that a number of facets of polyhedrons correspond to the number of sectors in a block. 27. The device according to any of claims 15 to 27, characterized in that the device is provided with a means for feeding an intermediate band rolled on the forming body up to the filler. |
