| 摘要 |
1. A method of identifying persons with the use of a light source (15), a polarization filter and a camera (10) with the help of their hand and/or finger lines, characterized in that the hand and/or the finger lines, the patterns of the papillary ridges, or the pattern of the hypodermis are optically detected without contact for the recording of an image by means of a first polarization filter (17) arranged in the path of the illuminating light rays, a second polarization filter (7) arranged in the path of the reproducing light rays, and a camera (10), with a rigid arrangement and with omission of any mechanical movements of the arrangement. 2. The method for identifying persons according to claim 1, charactetrized in that a numerical identification is computed by means of digital image processing, such identification permitting the comparison with filed data of the same type. 3. The method for identifying persons according to claim 1, characterized in that provision is made for an additional light source (15) with a third polarization filter (17) in the path of the illuminating light rays, said light source including the adjusted polarization filter (17) being turned in the optical axis by 90 degrees versus the first polarization filter. 4. The method for identifying person according to claim 3, characterized in that the two light sources (15) are briefly successively switched on and off for recording the images of the epidermis and hypodermis. 5. The method for identifying persons according to claim 3, characterized in that the method is carried out both with linearly and circularly polarized light for selectively representing the epidermis and the hypodermis. 6. The method for identifying persons according to claim 5, characterized in that the selection of the pattern of the epidermis takes place with the rotation of the polarization adjusted in opposite senses in the path of the illuminating light rays and in the path of the reproducing light rays, and the selection of the pattern of hypodermis with the rotation of the polarization adjusted in the same sense, whereby the direction of the rotation (right or left rotation) is defined here as the direction of rotation of the E-vector viewed in the direction of propagation of the light. 7. The method for identifying persons according to claim 5, characterized in that the pattern of the epidermis is selected with the directions of polarization adjusted parallel in the paths of the illuminating and the reproducing light rays, and the pattern of the hypodermis is selected with the directions of polarization adjusted vertically. 8. The method for identifying persons according to claim 7, characterized in that both patterns are recorded with a camera with the same coordinates one shortly after the other. 9. The method for identifying persons according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that each pattern is recorded with one camera. 10. The method for identifying persons according to one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that the information content suitable for said purpose of both skin patterns available with identical coordinates is combined. 11. The method for identifying persons according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the hand and/or the finger lines are detected from a larger distance, sufficient to arrange additional optical, and/or mechanical and/or electronic devices in the path of the illuminating light rays and in the path of the reproducing light rays or from a distance determined by safety rules. 12. The method for identifying persons according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that for the recognition of finger lines by means of a recognition algorithm, the relative position of the minutiae is determined and evaluated in the direction of an identification (e.g. Henry code). 13. The method for identifying persons according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that for identifying the finger line of the pattern of the epidermis by means of a recognition algorithm, the frequency of orthogonal features is determined and evaluated in the direction of an identification. 14. The method for identifying persons according to claim 1, characterized in that for recognizing hand lines, the starting image is divided in segments and line sections of different strength and direction are determined in the segments. 15. The method for identifying persons according to claim 14, characterized in that in the segment image, the line sections (vectors) are added up to frequency distributions in the way of a computertomographical sectional-view recording as pixel values in different directions (projections). 16. The method for identifying persons according to claim 15, characterized in that the projections are characterized by the amplitudes and, if necessary, also by the phases of the components of their harmonic approximations (e.g. according to Hartley), and the amplitudes are used with or without phase indication for the numerical characterization of the pattern. 17. A device for carrying out the method according to claim 1, characterized by a first light source (15) arranged in the path of the illuminating light rays and directed at the hand and/or finger lines, the pattern of the papillary ridges, or the pattern of the hypodermis; by an interconnected first polarization filter (17); and by a second polarization filter (7) arranged in the path of the reproducing light rays in front of a camera (10) with an image receiver (9) whose lens (8) is focused on the plane (3) of the object. 18. The device according to claim 17, characterized in that a reversing prism (6) is arranged in the path of the reproducing light rays. 19. The device according to claim 18, characterized in that the light source (15) formed by pair of lamps arranged on both sides of the reversing prism (6). 20. The device according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that a second pair of lamps with a third associated polarization filter (17) is arranged on both sides of the reversing prism (6). 21. The device according to claim 20, characterized in that linear polarization filters (17) and, respectively, (7) crossed by 90 deg. are arranged in the paths of the illuminating and the reproducing light rays. 22. The device according to one of claims 17 to 21, characterized in that the light sources (15) are switched on and switched off depending on the direction of polarization of the polarization filters (17) associated with said light sources. 23. The device according to one of claims 17 to 22, characterized in that the image receiver (9) is a CCD-chip. 24. The device according to claim 17, characterized in that the light source (15) is a diode laser. 25. The device according to claim 17, characterized in that the light source (15) is a lamp with glowing metal surfaces under an inclined angle of viewing. 26. The device according to one of claims 17 to 25, characterized in that with equally polarized light sources (15), provision is made for two polarization filters in the path of the reproducing light rays with directions extending vertically in relation to each other, which polarization filters can be individually selectively moved into said path of the reproducing light rays. 27. The device according to one of claims 17 to 26, characterized in that the camera (10), the illuminating system (15, 16, 17), as well as additional optical devices such as, for example a reversing prism (6), a range finder, and hologram lighting are accommodated in a mechanically sealed housing (11, 12), and optically accessible only via a glass pane (20) made of, for example bulletproof glass. 28. The device according to claim 27, characterized in that the identification device is designed in the form of a unit for wall installation. 29. The device according to one of claims 17 to 28, characterized in that the hand and/or the finger can be positioned within the field of vision and within the focusing range of the camera (10) by means of a template (21) or a frame (22; 23). 30. The device according to claim 29, characterized in that the inner contour of the template (21) or the frame (22; 23) has the indicated form of the contour of a hand with spread fingers in the way of a positioning template (27). 31. The device according to claim 29 or 30, characterized in that the frame (22; 23) is supplied in the form of a holographically produced air picture. 32. The device according to claim 29, characterized in that the frame (22; 23) is partly or wholly made of metal and designed and adapted in terms of high frequency in such a way that it has the antenna function of a contactlessly operating ID-card reader (proximity reader). 33. The device according to one of claims 29 to 32, characterized in that an optical range finder set to a fixed distance is associated with the frame (22; 23), by means of which range finder the recording of the image can be controlled. 34. The device according to claim 33, characterized in that the range finder operates optically according to the principle of triangulation. 35. The device according to one of claims 17 to 34, characterized in that the switching-in of the device into the ready condition and/or the triggering of the measuring process take place by producing a capacitive connection with the floor on which the user is located, through the body of such user or through capacitive detuning of the positioning frame operating as an HF-antenna, or of an antenna located in the frame, once the hand is in the correct position in the positioning frame. 36. The device according to one of claims 17 to 35, characterized in that the antenna of an ID-card reader operating without contact is integrated in the finger support (2) or in the cover plate (12). 37. The device according to one of claims 17 to 36, characterized in that provision is made in the paths of the illuminating and reproducing light rays for circularly polarizing filters (17, 7), such filters being suitable for |
