| 摘要 |
An arrangement for generating an error signal representing the differences between an input signal voltage level (xp>k<, xn>k<) and an estimated value (rp, rn) for the input signal voltage level comprises first (T1, T2) and second (T5, T6) transconductors and a differencing circuit (T3, T4, T7, T8) which forms the modulus of the difference between the outputs of the transconductors. The error signal is converted into a probability signal by subtracting the error signal from a constant signal (408) to produce a signal at the output (407) which is a maximum when the input voltage level and estimated voltage level are equal.
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