| 摘要 |
Digital transaction systems are disclosed that allow, in some exemplary embodiments, the transfer of value from at least one party to at least another party through one of plural intermediate parties. During the transactions between an intermediary and another party to the system, the intermediary can change the way the value held is denominated without revealing whether such a transformation has actually taken place. In some examples, the intermediary may split an "electronic coin" of one value into two, each having half that value. The intermediary would be able to choose, however, whether or not the value was in fact split or the transaction was a dummy and this choice would be hidden from the other parties. Similarly, an intermediary can optionally combine two tokens of value into a single token of twice the value, without revealing whether or not the transformation was actually conducted with items of value or simply with random numbers. In some electronic money systems it is desired that each payer can only transform value into forms that they can trace. Such restrictions are provided for in embodiments that ensure that any new item of value is derived from pre-committed items. |
