| 摘要 |
A process is provided for preparing a compound having the formula (I) comprising: (a) reacting a compound having the formula (II) with an isocyanate having the formula R<1>NCO to produce a compound having the formula (III); (b) optionally hydrolyzing the compound of formula (III) to form an amide having the formula (IV); (c) reacting the compound of formula (III) or the amide of formula (IV) with a compound having the formula (V) in the presence of a strong base to produce a compound having the formula (VI); and (d) cyclizing the compound of formula (VI) to obtain the compound of formula (I), wherein R is H or Cl; M is selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, MgX, ZnR<A>, and Al(R<A>)2; R<A> is alkyl; X is halo; R<1> is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, and heterocycloalkylalkyl; and L is a leaving group. Also provided is a process for preparing a compound having the formula (VIII) comprising reacting a compound having the formula (II) with CO2 and a protonating agent to obtain the compound of formula (VIII), wherein M is selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, MgX, ZnR<A>, and Al(R<A>)2, wherein R<A> is alkyl and X is halo.
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