| 摘要 |
1,143,353. Accumulators. W. GREUTERT. 24 June, 1966 [8 July, 1965], No. 28407/66. Heading H1B. An accumulator comprises a metallic positive electrode comprising a metal or a metalloid, a negative electrode which when charged comprises an alkali or alkaline earth metal amalgam and a basic electrolyte containing reactive anions which during charging interact with the metal of the positive electrode, or the reaction products formed at the positive electrode during charging, to produce soluble metallic anions containing said metal or metalloid. The positive electrode may contain Hg, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn or Cd, As, Sb, Sn, Cr or an alloy, e.g. a Co/Ni, Cu/ Zn or Cu/Sn alloy, the metals of the alloy having similar solution and separation potentials. It may be a multilayer structure having, for example, layers of Ag and Ni or Ag and Cd or comprise a core of a noble metal, e.g. Ag, Cu or an inert material, e.g. magnetite or graphite and an outer coating of As, Sb, Sn, Ni or cobalt. The metal of the positive electrode may be fully dissolved when the accumulator is completely charged. The electrolyte may be an aqueous solution of KOH, NaOH or LiOH, e.g. a saturated solution in equilibrium with some solid hydroxide. It may contain sulphide ions. The reactive ion may be cyanide, rhodamide, formate, acetate, propionate, oxalate, tartrate, citrate, hydroxide, an anion containing a polyvalent metal, e.g. permanganate, nitrate, pyrophosphate, halide or an ion of a derivative of H 2 SO 4 . A stoichiometric deficiency of reactive ion may be used so that when this is exhausted insoluble material is formed on the positive electrode and charging automatically ceases. This may be achieved by using a mercury positive electrode, a negative electrode containing 5 times the weight of mercury and a quantity of iodine as complexing agent which is about 3 times the weight of the positive electrode. The electrolyte may be agitated. It may be divided into two compartments by a membrane through which the simple ions may pass, but the metallic ones may not, thus preventing the metallic ions from discharging themselves at the negative electrode. The positive compartment may be larger than the negative compartment, e.g. the membrane may be in contact with the negative electrode. |
