Apparatus for producing carbon black

摘要

1,147,963. Apparatus for carbon black. UNION CARBIDE CORP. 20 April, 1967 [20 April, 1966; 10 April, 1967], No. 18132/67. Heading C1A In a burner for producing carbon black, a combustion chamber, in communication with a processing chamber, wherein pyrolysis of feedstock occurs, whose inlet has a smaller crosssection than said chamber, has at its inlet end passage means for introducing oxidant gas and fluid fuel concentrically disposed around passage means for introducing fluid feedstock thereinto, and both zones are defined by fluidcooled metal walls. As shown, oxidant gas enters combustion chamber 16 via inlet port 34, passage 36, annular cavity 38, passages 40 (see also Fig. 2, not shown) and discharge port 42, while fuel enters via corresponding members 44-52. Ports 42, 52 discharge streams to intersect a short distance downstream of end 54, thus giving good mixing. Hydrocarbon feed enters via inlet port 72, central passage 74 and discharge port 76, discharging as a coherent stream along line 80 to throat 82 at the entrance to processing chamber 18. Hot products of combustion flow through throat 82 with substantial turbulence and at near-sonic velocity; the hydrocarbon stream is thus dispersed and pyrolysed. Products may be discharged at 20, passed to a conventional reactor for further reaction, quenched, and the carbon black collected. The apparatus may be made of copper and cooled by water flowing via port 56, passage 60, annular chamber 28, passage 68, annular chamber 69 and conduit 70. The oxidant is preferably pure oxygen and should be the stoichiometric amount required to burn the fuel, this giving a temperature of 2200‹ to 3300‹ C. in the combustion chamber 16. Discharge temperature is 1370‹ to 1930‹ C. Carbon black so produced has an average particle size of 50 to 550 A‹, a surface area 20 to 1000 m.2/g., an oil absorption of 0À8-5À0 cm.3/ gm. and nigrometer values of 50-100. In another embodiment (Figs. 4-6, not shown) the processing chamber is reduced to a short throat portion, and interchangeable head portions enable either gas or oil to be used as a fuel; if oil is used, it may be mixed with the oxidant before introduction into the combustion chamber.