| 摘要 |
An invention refers to the area of building of the bases and foundations and can be applied when erecting cast-in-place piles of the monolithic concrete, which are made using strengthening tubes or other housings. The purpose of an invention is to simplify operations when passing a well in water-saturated grounds and to raise the carrying capacity of the piles. The making of a reinforced cast-in-pile (fig.3) in the ground comprises passing a well (2) in the ground (1) and strengthening the walls of the well (2) by a casing tube (3). According to the first version of an invention, the casing tube (3) is driven into ground (1) by means of a pneumopunch (4) connected to a flange (5) at the upper end of the mentioned tube (3), after which the well (2) is conditioned to remove the ground core (6), then the well is filled with a plastic hardening material (7) which is then compacted. According to the second version, the pneumopunch (4) is sunk into the well (2) by help of a cable (8), then the bottom of the well (2) is deepened below the end face of the casing tube (3) up to the design depth H, after which the pneumopunch (4) is extracted from the well (2) and the recess (9) is filled in its bottom part with a working material (10). After that the pneumopunch (4) is repeatedly immersed in the well (2) up to the design depth H, besides the number N of cycles of filling with the working material (10) and passing for the design depth H is determined from equation N=(D22-d2)/(1-Q)d2, where D2 is the design diameter of the expansion (11) of the pile, d is the diameter of the pneumopunch (4) and Q is volumetric compression ratio of the working material. After that the well is filled with the plastic hardening material (7) with its following compacting. The pile is made with the expansion (11) in the bottom part of the well (2), the expansion diameter D2 being greater than the diameter D1 of the casing tube (3). The offered versions of the technical solutions allow everyone to make a reinforced cast-in-piles with guaranteed strength characteristics practically in any soil with sufficiently high output. The piles can be made using one pneumopunch only, which allows one to make piles even in basements of old houses for underpinning their foundations. |
