| 摘要 |
Electrodeionization apparatus (10) for the purification of water including a cathode (12), an anode (14), a plurality of alternating cation and anion permeable membranes (16, 18) that define concentrating and diluting flow channels (22, 20) between adjacent membrane pairs. The diluting channels include cation and anion exchange materials (24) fixed in close contact position to provide conductive paths for ions of the adjacent membranes and flow passages for water between the material. The packing material can include one or more macrostructural elements made of smaller microstructural elements. First and second stages can be used to purify water including calcium, carbon dioxide, and its hydrates, wherein the ion exchange material differs in the diluting flow channel of each stage, and the concentrating flow channels can include a brine channel between two guard channels.
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