| 摘要 |
A heat transfer surface comprises a layer of carbon. Also disclosed are a heating element or condenser comprising said heat transfer surface; a method of applying said heat transfer surface; and a method for carrying out dropwise condensation employing said heat transfer surface. The carbon layer employed in the present invention is tetrahedral amorphous carbon and/or diamond-like carbon. In addition, the carbon layer may be a composite (eg. an alloy) of the above carbon sources with another component such as nickel, chromium or Teflon¹. The heat transfer surface of the present invention permits dropwise condensation rather than film wise condensation to proceed. The surface also exhibits improved resistance to fouling such as scale build-up caused by hard water. The heat transfer surface of the present invention has particular application in kettles, washing machines, dishwashers and condensers. |
