| 摘要 |
A trans-dermal iontophoresis electrode assembly (200) includes one or more arrays of electrodes (202) separated by dividing members (210). The spacing between the electrodes (202), and/or the size of the electrodes is adjusted for controlling depth of penetration, and current density. An alternative electrode assembly (40') includes a housing (60'), an electrode (74) within the housing (60'), a membrane (64) covering an open end of the housing (60'), a drug (62') to be administered disposed within the housing (60'), and an insulating layer (68) covering the open end of the housing (60'). The insulating layer (68) includes apertures (70). In trans-dermal iontophoresis methods, relational criteria relating AC frequency/pulse duration to nerve or muscle tissue stimulation, maximum current density to skin burning, ionic concentration to depth of penetration, AC frequency/pulse duration, and electrode size to current density, are used to determine operational criteria for carrying out trans-dermal iontophoresis.
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