| 摘要 |
petroleum processing. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of diesel fuel from petroleums with different sulfur levels. Crude oil is subjected to electrical desalting and dehydration in electrical dehydrators with system of electrodes disposed in net-shaped and/or cellular order followed by atmospheric or atmospheric vacuum distillation of desalted petroleum in atmospheric distillation columns provided with packets of cross-point heads arranged with height or height-angular displacement conforming to temperature vapor condensation zones. Diesel fraction 240-350 C or the latter separated into fractions 240-300 C and 300-350 C is discharged, alkalinized, and compounded with corresponding fractions. Water steam used in processes as heat carrier is generated in steam generators, wherein water is heated by combustion of gaseous and/or liquid fuel. At least part of steam condensate recycles in the system. Steam is at least partly formed when water is superheated by combustion of associated gas and/or process gas releasing in thermodestructive processing of petroleum. Gas is fed into process network at temperature 50-70 C and pressure 3-5 kg/cu.cm and heated there to at least 100 C, after which 60- 85% thereof is burned to produce steam in processes and 15-40% of gas is burned in steam generator. Preheated chemically purified water is added in amounts replenishing losses of condensate. To preheat crude water and/or initial crude oil, residual heat of exhausted steam is used. EFFECT: increased degree of petroleum processing, yield of diesel fractions with high working characteristics, and reduced power consumption. 17 cl, 1 tbl
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