Thermoelectric Elements

摘要

1,162,589. Thermoelectric devices. NORTH AMERICAN AVIATION Inc. 4 Sept., 1967 [6 Sept., 1966], No. 40397/67. Heading H1K A thermoelectric generator using the Soret effect comprises a composition 12 of from 1 to 30 mole per cent of Bi in BiBr 3 and/or BiCl 3 in a closed container 11 provided with means to prevent convective flow within the container when the mixture is molten while permitting flow of Bi ions and of vapour of BiBr 3 and/or BiCl 3 to maintain a concentration gradient within the composition in the presence of a temperature gradient. The generator operates on the principle that a temperature gradient applied across the molten solution 12 produces a steady-state concentration gradient which results in a voltage between inert electrodes 14, 15, e.g. of W or alloys thereof. In the form shown the container 11 is made of a refractory material and convective circulation is prevented by an ion-permeable barrier 13 of sintered glass, quartz or ceramic. The ion concentration gradient occurs entirely across the barrier 13. The device is enclosed within a furnace to produce a temperature gradient of 5-20‹ C. at a temperature of 230-500‹ C., control being effected by thermocouples. In another form convective flow is prevented by means of tightly packed particles of glass, quartz or ceramic filling the container. The preferred solution concentrations are 1-10 mole per cent Bi in BiBr 3 or 5-10 mole per cent Bi in BiCl 3 . Other materials such as BiI 3 may also be included. The mixture is introduced into the container in powdered form.