SYSTEM OF EMERGENCY SURFACING OF MALAKHIT-1 SUBMERSIBLE VEHICLES, DEVICE FOR BLOWING MAIN BALLAST TANKS DURING EMERGENCY SURFACING AND METHOD OF EMERGENCY SURFACING

摘要

FIELD: submersible vehicles. SUBSTANCE: method of emergency surfacing of submersible vehicle includes blowing main ballast tanks by steam-and-gas mixture; water steam is generated by spring water of main ballast tank on metal surface heated by gaseous combustion products of solid fuel. Flow of steam-and-gas mixture is subjected to turbulizing; jets of required shape are formed at temperature of substance not higher than 800 C at flow rate of 10 to 20 m/s. Emergency surfacing system includes row of similar gas generators with solid fuel combustible chamber which are provided with sealing blow-out diaphragm. Gas generators are mounted in non-watertight spaces between outer and pressure hulls and are connected by means of gas pipe lines fitted with blow-out diaphragm traps with main ballast tank blow device by means of gas pipe lines fitted with blow-out diaphragm traps; main ballast tank blow devices are mounted in upper portion of main ballast tank at a rated distance from its top. Main ballast blow-out device includes coaxial cylindrical envelopes with water wells between them. Inner envelope is of flow-type; it is formed by working nozzle, intake chamber with injector-sprayer, mixing chamber, diffuser and outlet circular bell-mouth which are connected in succession. This envelope is used for ensuring adjustable water intake for spraying water, thus forming steam-and-gas mixture at inlet and jet flow at outlet. Mass of solid fuel for emergency surfacing is selected depending on depth of submergence; charges are ignited in succession and in pairs when main ballast tanks are installed symmetrically on either side; duration of successive ignition of charges is dictated by strength characteristics of main ballast tanks. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency and reliability of emergency surfacing system ensuring rescue of damage submarine in submerged position. 6 cl, 12 dwg