High pressure gasification reactor generating fuel-, synthesis- and reduction gases from renewable and fossil fuels, biomasses, wastes and sludge

摘要

The reactor has a combined fuel burner (1), a combustion chamber (9) endothermal suspended flow gasifier (14) and thermal equalization channel (26) from the combustion chamber, with thermally protective cladding (32) of the reactor. A water bath (19) is located below the reactor. The channel includes quenching (30) for gases (23) leaving the gasifier (14). The cladding at combustion chamber level has a matching cooling unit (27). The combination burner (1) ignites and heats the reactor, with connections for ignition air (5) and fuel (2). Combustion air (3) and an igniter (6) are connected. Sub-stoichiometric combustion is maintained at up to 500 deg C. Heat is evolved, with gaseous products (4), residual coke or char and ash (with additives). The gasification media enter via swirl baffles (33) to react in the combustion chamber (9), where the ash fusion temperature is exceeded. Swirl centrifuges molten solids to the walls. The reaction chamber base is a slag interception sump with drain channels (12) for liquid slag, and a gas outlet (34). Slag droplets (18) are led off with the plunging jet (16) into the suspension flow gasifier, to fall into the water sump, where they cool as glass granules. The plunging jet carries slag droplets countercurrent to the rising gas flow (23). Fly ash is entrained by pneumatic lances for further reaction at up to 500-1500 deg C. Baffles connected to the heat exchange channel cause swirling and convective heat transfer, reducing the temperature of the combustion chamber wall. On the inner wall (9), this forms a protective layer of solidified slag, The flow leaves by the outlet (25), carrying away heat accepted. The water bath has with an outlet for the non-eluting slag granules, a weir (20) and a water supply.