| 摘要 |
The invention consists of the novel structure ("scorpion" structure) established on the basis of the sum of the new items of knowledge: [the direct interaction of the Fab fragment with Fc; the bending "double" of the hinge region; an appearance of the gene (when the mammals appeared) which codes for the hinge region and which, with the mechanisms of genetic evolution, gives rise to means permitting better regulation of the reaction of antigen with antibodies; the presence of structural changes in the antibodies which must be responsible for the increase in the change in entropy value with the increase in the change in free energy value; the postulated role of the small 2kDa protein as a protector of the activation of complement before the interaction with antigen; the postulated role of "the tail" of the Fc fragment (like the tail of a scorpion) (after the abovementioned changes in conformation) in a specific and independent interaction during the activation of complement] and the practical consequences of this novel structure: the establishment of the structural cause of the different diseases involving protein aggregation and the activation of complement against large particles; the injection of the small regulatory protein into subjects suffering from diseases involving complement fixation and a deficiency syndrome; the addition of the small protein of the same species (instead of the small protein of calf embryo serum used for maintaining cells) to the monoclonal antibodies produced by "immortal cells"; the creation and injection into patients of the antibodies prepared with the special hinges; the establishment of the structure of the activation of membrane immunoglobulins on a membrane of B lymphocytes and the structure of the interaction of B and T lymphocytes; the injection of (special and non-special) membrane immunoglobulins with (or without) fragments of an antigen and with (or without) the soluble products derived from lymphocytes.
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