Capillary membrane device

摘要

A channelized mass transfer membrane (MTM) is disclosed which has improved ion separation characteristics when employed in electrodialysis cells. The MTM exploits the unexpected ion separation ability of channelized membrane geometries. A major improvement of the disclosed invention is the use of tubular channels formed by means of hollow fibers which limit the directions in which ions can diffuse. The chief embodiments of the MTM exploit either the formation of capillary voids in solid material or the use of hollow fibers to form capillary channels. Additional levels of MTM porosity are achieved by filling of the channels with microporous material. Means are disclosed for cooling the MTM and adaptation of the MTM hydraulic resistance.