| 摘要 |
<p>1,187,755. Isonitriles. FARBENFABRIKEN BAYER A.G. 23 Jan., 1969 [24 Feb., 1968], No. 3776/69. Heading C2C. Isonitriles are prepared by reacting an N- substituted formamide of formula R-NHCHO, wherein R is an optionally substituted aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical, at a pH value of 4 to 14, with at least an equimolar quantity of an acylating agent, in the presence of a hydrophobic solvent and of an aqueous solution or suspension of an inorganic base and/or basic salt. The reaction is preferably carried out at a temperature of - 20‹ to + 40‹ C. The acylating may be phosgene, an aryl or alkyl sulphochloride, phosphorus oxychloride or cyanuric chloride and the preferred solvents are aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons or chlorinated hydrocarbons. Exemplified inorganic bases are alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hydroxides, carbonates and bicarbonates and exemplified basic salts are NaHCO 3 , KHCO 3 , Na 2 CO 3 , K 2 CO 3 and alkali metal phosphates. A list of suitable N-substituted formamide starting materials is given. In examples, tert.-butyl-, cyclohexyl-, 2,6-diethyl- 4 - methyl -, 2 - methyl - 6 - ethyl - and i - dodecyl-isonitriles are prepared. N - i - dodecyl formamide is prepared by reacting tetrapropylene with a solution of sulphuric acid in hydrocyanic acid.</p> |
