| 摘要 |
Embryogenesis from plant microspores can be induced with a 24 h temperature treatment of 32.5.degree.C. Continuous culture at 25.degree.C results in pollen development. However, in this study, microspore treatment by microtubule inhibitors, at the non-inductive temperature of 25.degree.C, can induce embryogenesis, thus demonstrating that heat shock is not required for embryogenic induction. A great advantage in using microtubule inhibitors is that induction and chromosome doubling can occur simultaneously, thus generating doubled haploids, whereas heat induction generates haploids. Thus, the use of microtubule inhibitors will provide a simple one-step process to simultaneously induce embryogenesis and chromosome doubling for the production of fertile plants, thus providing minimal manipulation which will be very advantageous for genetic studies and plant breeding programs. As noted, heat shock induction induces haploids. Chromosome doubling can be induced by colchicine. However, the application of trifluralin to embryogenic microspore cultures to generate doubled haploid plants results in an improved recovery of fertile doubled haploid plants than previously shown in the prior art.
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