Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Entsalzen von Meerwasser

摘要

The invention concerns a process for desalinating sea water, wherein the sea water is evaporated and condensed within a primary system (13) and a secondary medium (14), preferably untreated water, is evaporated and condensed within a self-enclosed secondary system which contains a condenser (66) and is spatially separate from the primary system. The sea water is evaporated as a result of being heated by contact with the secondary medium, which is previously heated to a greater degree at excess pressure in the condenser (66), the secondary medium being evaporated by condensation of the sea water vapour in the secondary system (11). The sea water vapour is passed through a cyclone. The entire flow of sea water fed to the primary system is divided into a first partial flow (23) and a second partial flow (24) which are at least approximately the same size. The first partial flow is heated to a temperature close to boiling temperature in the primary system in a first heat exchanger (28) through which hot water distillate flows at the primary system outlet, and the second partial flow is heated to this temperature in a second heat exchanger (38) through which the drawn-off hot sludge flows. The ratio of the total amount of sea water supplied per unit of time relative to the amount of sludge per unit of time (concentration factor CF) is between a value which is greater than 1 and less than 2. A process of this type is suitable for the thermal desalination of sea water, high-quality, sterilized water distillate being produced in an energy-saving manner with, simultaneously, a low concentration of the sea water to be evaporated.