| 摘要 |
976,265. Change speed gearing control. CATERPILLAR TRACTOR CO. Oct. 11, 1962 [Nov. 6, 1961], No. 38515/62. Heading F2D. In an hydraulic change speed gear control valve means delivering modulated pressure to a speed clutch system, a variable orifice valve is interposed between the pressure source and a directional clutch system, the orifice area being varied as a function of the speed clutch pressure. The speed change clutches of a vehicle transmission are actuated by hydraulic pressure from a source line 29 passing through a control unit 28 to a speed range control valve 18, by line 19, and to a directional control valve 23, by line 24, the valves 18 and 23 being operated by a lever 11. The control unit 28 comprises a pressure reducing valve 31 which controls the pressure from line 29 to line 24 to the directional control valve 23 for selection of forward or reverse clutch, a safety valve 32, a sequence valve 33, a pressure reducing valve 36 and a check valve 37. When the vehicle engine is started to supply fluid through line 29 and the lever 11 is not in the neutral position, fluid flows through the reducing orifice 38 and line 24 to the directional valve 23. Further fluid flows round valve 32 to the sequence valve 33 which prevents flow to the speed control valve 18 at port 39. A passage in the valve 33 leads the fluid to a chamber 33b to act against the valve spring 41 and allow outward faster flow through ports 33c past valve 32 to a dump line 42. The safety valve 32 thus preventing positioning of the sequence valve 33 to allow fluid to reach the speed change valve 18 until the lever 11 has been returned to neutral. Return of lever 11 to neutral opens a safety reset valve 44 to pass pressure liquid from line 29 to the safety valve 32 which fills in space 32b to move downwards cutting off the dump 42 and allowing valve 33 to pass liquid to the speed change valve 18. As pressure in valve 18 builds up, pressure increases in a chamber 36b to reduce orifice 52 building up pressure to close the check valve 37 and seal the chamber 57 from a drain 56. Fluid from line 19 through an orifice 59 acts on piston 36a to increase the size of the orifice 53 and allow increased pressure in line 19. Sudden pressure drop in line 19 opens check valve 37 to drain chamber 57 allowing piston 36a to move upwards and position valve 36 for a further modulating cycle. Thus the control unit prevents engagement of a speed clutch on starting before neutral is first selected and thereafter allows modulated pressure to the speed change valve 18. To smooth forward and reverse directional changes to allow rocking of the vehicle, a poppet valve 63 controls pressure of fluid, from line 19, below the spring 61 of valve 31 by allowing slower filling of the chamber 66 through orifice 63b and fast emptying through passage 66a. Thus the directional control clutches are fed with a pressure modulated in conjunction with the modulated pressure to the speed change clutches. In a modification, the line 62 to the poppet valve 63 is fed from the chamber 57 to provide directional pressure modulation without the use of the valve 63. Specification 974,481 is referred to. |
