Apparatus for carrying out chemical reactions which, at least during start-up, require a supply of calories.

摘要

A reactor (1), pref. of square or rectangular cross-section, has a first zone, at the reactant feed end, which contains parallel heat exchange elements (3) arranged in parallel planes perpendicular to the reactor axis circulation of the reactant(s) and/or planes, spaces or passages for circulation of the reactant(s) and/or prods., the elements (3) effecting heat exchange in the passages in independent successive transverse sections perpendicular to the reactor axis. The novelty is that some of the heat exchange elements (3) comprise (a) a tube formed of at least one casing connected to a heat exchange gas (mixt.) supply for exchanging heat with the reactant(s) and/or prods. circulating outside the element (3); and (b) an arrangement for discharging the heat exchanged gas (mixt.) to the outside of the reactor.