| 摘要 |
A process for the manufacture of a 1,1'-disubstituted-4,4'-bipyridylium salt which comprises reacting the corresponding N-substituted pyridinium salt with cyanamide ions, for example provided by an alkali metal cyanamide, and subsequently oxidising the resulting interaction product, for example by means of an oxidising agent which is an electron acceptor and which has a redox potential in water more positive than -0.50 volt as compared with the saturated calomel electrode. |
