Process for the conversion of refuse into a product suitable for high-temperature gasification and apparatus for carrying out the process

摘要

Considerable engineering and thermodynamic problems have resulted hitherto so that the overall efficiency of such apparatuses, based on the net electricity generation, can approach zero, if the starting material contains more than 35% moisture. A further disadvantage is the addition of the steam originating from the dewatering to carbonisation gases possibly containing PCDD/F which are formed at temperatures above 300 DEG C. The aim of the invention is to achieve a high electrical or material efficiency, avoiding addition of steam which exits from the refuse at temperatures below 300 DEG C, for the carbonisation gases escaping from the refuse at above 300 DEG C and to operate the process in a manner still lower in PCDD/F than has been possible hitherto. In the novel process, the low-temperature carbonisation takes place in two stages, a first stage with the pure dewatering at wall temperatures which do not exceed 350 DEG C, and a second stage which is separated thermally and in terms of product outlet and has wall temperatures above 350 DEG C to 700 DEG C, the products of the second stage being removed and processed separately from the products of the first stage. In comparison with the known process, the advantages result that the energy necessary for maintaining the process can be produced in the process.