| 摘要 |
A quantum wave guiding electronic switch includes a substrate which carries electron waveguides disposed in a fork-like configuration. Each of these electron waveguides is connected to a respective electron reservoir. Electrons are driven through the waveguides by voltage sources. Electrodes on the substrate generate an electric field which passes through the outgoing electron waveguides of the switch, and creates a potential difference therebetween. In one case, in which the electrons are transported ballistically, in the absence of electron scattering, this potential difference creates a phase mismatch between the outputs. An incident electron wave function having even parity is herewith switched to a quasi even electron wave function in the output that has the lowest energetic potential. When transportation is not ballistic and the electrons scattered to some extent, switching is effected by relaxation of incoming electrons to lower energy levels. The electrons will have a higher probability to be conducted through the output that has the lowest potential. The two switching cases may occur simultaneously in part. The switch is digital and requires very little control energy. Electrons within a broad energy range are switched and the switch has small or no losses.
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