| 摘要 |
A process for the preparation of a nitrile of formula <IMAGE> (I) wherein R is hydrogen, C1-C4alkyl or phenyl, by reaction of an aldehyde of formula <IMAGE> (II) wherein R is as defined above, with hydroxylamine sulfate and subsequent dehydration, which process comprises carrying out the reaction in propionic acid in the presence of a salt of propionic acid by heating to an external temperature in the range from 140 DEG to 165 DEG C., preferably from 150 DEG to 160 DEG C., for 2 to 6 hours, preferably for 3 to 5 hours, under atmospheric pressure, and simultaneously distilling the mixture of propionic acid and water from the system until a solution forms, and thereafter removing the mixture of propionic acid and water at 100 DEG -130 DEG C., preferably 110 DEG -120 DEG C., by vacuum distillation, and then isolating the resultant nitrile by standard procedures.
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