| 摘要 |
The invention pertains to a process and apparatus for continuous gasification/degasification of sorted and processed lumps of fuel/waste material in a shaft-like reactor (3). The batch, gaseous gasifying agent and generated gaseous fuel are fed downward in unidirectional flow and the gasifying agent (6) is preheated by the gaseous fuel (7) in a helical countercurrent heat exchanger (21; 22) situated in the mantle section and is heated further in helical or undulatory channels (25; 23; 35) in the ceramic hearth (8) and in a movable or fixed, conical or paraboloid central body (10) that projects into the lower part of the batch and serves to close off the hearth. The grate is formed by a rotatable, vertically displaceable counterpart which describes a full cone (10) or a hollow-cone-shaped ring body (47; 50) and which leaves an adjustable ring-shaped passage (15) open to the lower part of the hearth for drawing off the gaseous fuel generated (14; 26) and for discharging (16) the solid or liquid reaction products in the form of ashes, dross or distillation residue. |
