| 摘要 |
PCT No. PCT/US91/05470 Sec. 371 Date Feb. 22, 1993 Sec. 102(e) Date Feb. 22, 1993 PCT Filed Aug. 1, 1991 PCT Pub. No. WO92/02150 PCT Pub. Date Feb. 20, 1992.A method and apparatus are provided for the rapid heat treatment of products, and especially gas-permeable, water-containing products such as bread dough. Baking of dough involves placing the dough within an enclosed oven or zone (1) and subjecting the dough to dielectric (e.g. radio-frequency or microwave) heating using appropriate generators (6, 7, 7a, 8a). Radiant heat from an appropriate source (9) and hot oven gases are simultaneously applied for crust formation. During at least a portion of the baking cycle, the gas pressure within the zone (1) is selectively elevated by steam addition (10) in response to the rise in gas pressure within the dough resulting from vaporization of water therein. In this way, the pressure differential between the dough interior and the ambient environment is minimized, and the dough may be rapidly baked without fear of significant dough disruption. Cooling is effected by gradually reducing the zone pressure, through use of a vacuum pump (12). If desired, vacuum cooling can occur simultaneously with continued radiant heating crust formation. The process of the invention gives completely baked and cooled bread in a matter of minutes.
|
