| 摘要 |
1,023,739. Hydrodynamic torque converters; change-speed control. FORD MOTOR CO. Ltd. Oct. 28, 1964 [Dec. 6, 1963], No. 43891/64. Headings F2C and F2D. In a hydrodynamic torque converter 96 having an engine-driven impeller 100, a turbine 112 which drives an output shaft through a planet gear (not shown) and a reactor 130, the turbine 112 and/or reactor 130 are axially movable and the blading arranged so that the axial thrust produced is proportional to the converter ratio and engine torque. The axial movement of the turbine 112 and/or reactor 130 acts on a pilot valve 148 to throttle the converter supply and produce a back pressure in the duct 172 which is used to effect ratio shift in the planet gear. As shown, both the turbine 112 and reactor 130 are axially movable. The turbine 112 is splined at 122 to a shaft 124 which drives the planet gear whilst the reactor 130 is splined at 132 to the outer race 134 of a one-way detent, the inner race 136 of which is splined to a stationary sleeve 140. The axial movement of the turbine 112 and reactor 130 act through a bearing 156 on an annular piston 154 which controls the flow of fluid through an orifice 164 in the converter supply. The back pressure developed in the duct 172 acts on a pressure regulator valve 194 and shift valves 190, 192 to effect ratio shift in the planet gear and to regulate the pressure supplied to the ratio establishing servos. Pressure fluid is supplied from a pump 180 through a restrictor 186, ducts 184, 172 and orifices 166, 164 to the working circuit of the converter. To prevent overheating of the converter fluid when the orifice 164 is restricted, a by-pass supply may be provided from a converter pressure regulator 202 through ducts 178, 162. In Fig. 1 (not shown), only the reactor is movable axially. In Figs. 1, 3, 4 and 5 (not shown) the converter by-pass supply is omitted. In Fig. 4 (not shown) the back pressure line which acts on the shift valves and also supplies the pressure fluid for operating the ratio establishing servos. In Fig. 5 (not shown) only the turbine is movable axially. Fig. 6 (not shown) is a graph of the axial thrust produced by the turbine and reactor against engine speed under converter stall conditions and Fig. 7 (not shown) is a graph of turbine or turbine and reactor thrust against converter ratio at full throttle. |
