| 摘要 |
Feed hydrocarbons comprising propane and butanes are cracked to selectively maximize the production of ethylene or propylene by contacting the feed hydrocarbons with a cracking catalyst, adapted to convert the feed hydrocarbons to less saturated hydrocarbons, under conditions sufficient to thus crack the feed hydrocarbons, to thereby selectively maximize the production of ethylene, and, at least intervally, hydrogen sulfide or a hydrogen sulfide precursor is added to the feed hydrocarbons to thereby maximize the production of propylene. Preferred catalysts which may be utilized in the process and which are highly selective to the production of ethylene, as opposed to propylene, (in the absence of hydrogen sulfide or hydrogen sulfide precursor) include mixed oxides of manganese and magnesium, mixed oxides of manganese and Lanthanum Series metal and/or niobium, mixed oxides of iron and magnesium and mixed oxides of iron and Lanthanum Series metal and/or niobium. The effective life of the catalyst, particularly for the selective production of ethylene, is increased by carrying out the process in the presence of steam. When the catalyst contains manganese, the steam is optional whereas, when the catalyst contains iron, the steam is essential. The life of the magnesium based catalysts as well as their selectivity, particularly to ethylene, can also be extended by adding small promoting amounts of oxides of calcium, strontium, barium, tin, antimony, silicone, aluminum, titanium and/or chromium. All of the above promoters are useful in the iron/magnesium catalysts except the calcium, strontium, barium, tin and antimony. Only chromium is useful as a promoter for the Lanthanum Series and niobium based catalysts. |
