Separation of amides with molecular sieves

摘要

Amides having different molecular kinetic diameters or heats of adsorption, such as formamide and N-(1-alkoxyethyl)formamide, are separated under mild conditions with a molecular sieve which selectively adsorbs one of the amides, such as formamide. N-vinylformamide can be purified by removing formamide remaining in synthesis process streams using this technique. The adsorbed amide can be desorbed by heating the molecular sieve in either inert or reactive atmospheres. Preferred molecular sieves include the zeolites of types A, X, Y, molecular sieves of the MFI topology, chabazite, and mordenite. Calcium chabazite is particularly versatile and effective.