METHOD OF CATIONICALLY POLYMERIZING MONOMERS POLYMERIZATION AND COPOLYMERIZATION

摘要

The solution concerns the method of polymerisation and copolymerisation of cationically polymerising monomers. The advantage of this technique is based on the fact that polymerisation and copolymerisation are carried out at a temperature of +20 to -120 degrees C in the presence of the starting system, the single component of which is low-molecular alkyl halide, oligomer or polymer, in the chains of which at least two atoms of chlorine occur, which are bound to the secondary carbon atoms containing molecules with the following number of carbon atoms: C >= 5. The second component is Lewis acid such as boron trichloride, titanium(IV) chloride, aluminium trichloride, vanadium tetrachloride or their mutual mixture, or even the mixture of these Lewis acids with iron(III) chloride, while the molecular ratio of Lewis acids to monomer is 50 to 10<-5> at the rise of the products containing the chemically bound starting component that corresponds with used low-molecular alkyl halide, oligomer or polymer, or in the ambient medium of polar halogenated solvents or their mixtures with non-polar cyclic or even aromatic solvents. According to the solution, the method enables to prepare functionalised polymers, or respectively copolymers with various contents of polymer starters, e.g. PVC and these grafted materials can be further modified chemically and/or directly used as modifying agents, or even as compatibilizer for incompatible polymer mixtures.