| 摘要 |
Reinforcing and/or process fibres (I) based on plant fibres (II) are obtd. by treating delignified (II) with an aq. soln. contg. metal cpd(s). (II) I), i.e. (hydro)oxide(s), carbonate(s), (thio)sulphate(s), sulphite(s), silicate(s) and/or phosphate(s), then washing and treating with an (in)organic binder (IV) or neutralising the unwashed fibres with a mineral acid; or by treating delignified (II) with an oxidant (V); or carbonising untreated (II) at 250-350 deg.C under a controlled air supply. Pref. (II) are flax, jute, unbleached cotton, hemp, cotton or sisal fibres. (III) are alkali(ne earth) (hydr)-oxides, carbonates or (thio)sulphates or basic Fe, Ti, Sb or Al salts; pred. NaOH, KOH, Na2SiO3 or Na2S2O3. (II) are treated with a 1-30, (10-30) (wt.)% aq. (III) soln., pref. at 50-100 deg.C. Delignified (II) pref. are bleached with peroxide, hypochlorite or chlorine water before treatment with the (III) soln. (IV) is cemnt, plaster of Paris, silicates, bitumen, asphalt, natural or synthetic elastomers, polyurethanes, phenolic resins, resols, melamine resins, epoxy resins or mists. of these and is used in an amt. of 5-20% w.r.t. (I). (V) is alkali metal periodate, persulphate or permanganate, esp. KMnO4 and oxidn. is carried out at 75-95 deg.C (II) may also be finished with a flam retardant, lubricant and/or preservative finish. (II) obtd. by pyrolysis are impregnated with a resin, natural or synthetic rubber or elastomer. |
