| 摘要 |
Particularly given incalculable accidents due to the physicochemical principle of the nuclear reactor in conjunction with the release of considerable energy, there is a need, above all, to optimise passive safety in the region of the nuclear reactor. In order to avoid very severe accidents at a nuclear power station accompanied by secondary damage over wide areas, relatively small nuclear reactor units are to be as far as possible inserted in the ground distributed in spatially offset bunkers, and the openings of each bunker are to be permanently sealed. It is possible within the bunker itself to provide further protective devices against eruption and explosion - depending on the internal system of the reactor. These devices absorb forces due to the effects of pressure flushes. Gas-filled bags or cushions, for example, are to be used for this purpose, and can be mounted on the side walls of the bunker. Such a device is mostly useful only in the case of a single pressure flush. Additional walls with numerous wall penetrations are also suitable for reducing numerous pressure flushes which are not too strong. Dry sand raised above the bunker in a suitable container is to be held ready for the most serious accident with a nuclear reactor which is in an MCA, so that a runaway nuclear reactor which is no longer capable of repair can be "buried" in a few seconds.
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