| 摘要 |
1. Process for stabilization of polymers based on vinyl chloride characterized by the conjoint use of a) 0.005% to 5% by weight relative to the polymer of at least one organic lanthanide derivative chosen from : lanthanide salts : of monocarboxylic aliphatic acids having from 2 to 30 carbon atoms or dicarboxylic aliphatic acids having from 3 to 30 carbon atoms, the acids being saturated or containing one or more ethylenic double bonds and being able to contain one or more substituents such as halogen atoms, hydroxyl groups, alkoxy groups having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, mercapto groups or phenyl, phenoxy, naphthyl or cyclohexyl groups in which the rings are optionally substituted with one or more halogen atoms, hydroxyl groups, alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or alkoxy groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, ; of benzoic, 1-naphthoic, 2-naphthoic, cyclopentanecarboxylic, cyclohexanecarboxylic, cyclopentenecarboxylic or cyclohexenecarboxylic acids, the cyclic portions of these acids being able to contain one or more substituents such as halogen atoms, hydroxyl groups, alkyl groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, alkenyl groups having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, alkoxy groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, phenyl, benzyl, phenoxy or cyclohexyl groups, alkoxycarbonyl groups having 2 to 24 carbon atoms or alkenoxycarbonyl groups having 4 to 24 carbon atoms ; of alkyl monoesters (the alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms) or alkenyl monoesters (the alkenyl group having 3 to 24 carbon atoms) of the dicarboxylic aliphatic acids mentioned above ; of heterocyclic carboxylic acids, in particular those derived from pyridine, furan, thiophene, pyrrole and pyran, which acids can contain one or more substituents such as halogen atoms, hydroxyl groups, alkyl groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, alkoxy groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, alkenyl groups having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, alkoxycarbonyl groups having 2 to 24 carbon atoms or alkenoxycarbonyl groups having 4 to 24 carbon atoms ; lanthanide phenolates derived from phenol, 1-naphthol or 2-naphthol, in which the cyclic portions can contain one or more substituents such as halogen atoms, alkyl or alkoxy groups having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, alkenyl groups having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, or phenyl, benzyl, phenoxy or cyclohexyl groups ; lanthanide mercaptides, in particular those derived from thioglycolic or thiomalic acid and their alkyl esters (the alkyl radical having 1 to 12 atoms), alkenyl esters (the alkenyl radical having 2 to 12 carbon atoms), phenyl, benzyl and cyclohexyl esters, and esters of alkanediol (having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms), of dihydroxybenzene and of dihydroxycyclohexane, the cyclic portions of the said esters being able to be substituted with one or more alkyl or alkoxy radicals having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms ; lanthanide chelates of beta-dicarbonyl compounds, in particular those derived from the compounds of general formula (I) : R1 -CO-CHR2 -CO-R3 (I) in which : R1 and R3 , which may be identical or different, denote : a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 36 carbon atoms and optionally substituted with one or more halogen atoms, a linear or branched alkenyl group having 3 to 36 carbon atoms and optionally substituted with one or more halogen atoms, an aryl radical or an aryl radical bearing one or more substituents on the aromatic ring, such as : . alkyl radicals having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and optionally substituted with one or more halogen atoms, . alkenyl radicals having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and optionally substituted with one or more halogen atoms, . a nitro group, . a -CHO group, . a -COOH group, . alkoxy groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, . -COOR4 groups, R4 being an alkyl radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an alkenyl radical having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, . an OH group, . halogen atoms, an aralkyl radical in which the aliphatic portion contains from 1 to 12 carbon atoms and in which the cyclic portion can contain one or more of the substituents mentioned above, a cycloaliphatic radical containing from 5 to 12 carbon atoms and in which the cyclic portion can contain one or more carbon-carbon double bonds and bear one or more of the substituents mentioned above, an arrangement of several of the radicals mentioned above, the different aliphatic radicals defined above being able to contain one or more oxygen -O- or sulphur -S- atoms or carbonyl -CO- or carboxylate -COO- groups ; R2 denotes a hydrogen atom ; b) 0.01% to 1% by weight relative to the polymer of at least one organic zinc or cadmium derivative chosen from : zinc or cadmium salts of the carboxylic acids from which the lanthanide salts mentioned above are derived ; zinc or cadmium phenolates of the phenols from which the lanthanide phenolates mentioned above are derived ; zinc or cadmium mercaptides of thiocarboxylic acids from which the lanthanide mercaptides mentioned above are derived ; c) at least one of the following secondary heat stabilizers : beta-diketones or beta-ketoaldehydes, aminocrotonic acid esters, 2-phenylindole and its derivatives, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-bis(alkoxycarbonyl)- pyridines, thioglycolic acid esters, thiomalic acid diesters, beta-keto esters, 1,3-dialkyl-6-aminouracils, 1,3-dialkyl-6-amino-2-thiouracils. |
