| 摘要 |
The efficiency with which the water in pools and spas may be heated is greatly improved by circulating water through a heat exchanger such that heated water is introduced at or near the lowest point in the body of pool or spa water and by removing water to be heated from a point near the surface notwithstanding that the heated water rises to form a warm layer at the surface. When the body of water is heated to a selected temperature, the flow direction is reversed so that water is withdrawn from the low point and, after heating, is returned to a point nearer the surface. That method has the advantage that it can be practiced with conventional pool and spa plumbing systems with minimum modification to permit a reversal of pool and spa inlet and outlet opening connection to the external water cleaning conduit. Water flow and control in the external circuit remains the same. System operation and practice of the method is enhanced by the inclusion of a solar energy collector and valves of unique design. The energy collector employs a ribbed collector surface and a water flow path in the form of a double spiral of substantially Archimedes form. The valves employ special cores.
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