| 摘要 |
<p>BREAKWATER MODULE AND MEANS FOR PROTECTING A SHORELINE THEREWITH A concrete breakwater module for use with like modules positioned side-by-side in a line along or offshore from a beach or bluff for preventing erosion due to wave action and for reversing previous erosion. Each module has a single, large, upwardly concave, wave-energy-absorbing trough of partly cylindrical and partly flat-bottomed contour adjacent rear and front upright walls respectively located at opposite ends of a bottom, base wall. The front wall has a sloping front end surface directing incoming waves and spray over the trough. The rear wall is substantially higher than the front wall to intercept waves and spray and re-direct them downwardly along a cylindrical surface and forwardly in the trough providing a rolling and swirling action of water which erupts at the front wall in a countercurrent manner against waves and spray overtopping the front wall. In one embodiment, one or more horizontal passageways extend through the rear wall, and have forwardly diminishing areas, to direct jet-like streams forwardly into the trough when water level on the shore side is relatively high. These streams augment the rolling action of water in the trough and enhance wave energy absorption. Sediment precipitates out of water when it flows rearwardly through these passageways. Embodiments are illustrated forming single and double breakwaters to protect a beach, along a sea wall to protect it from undermining, and along the toe of a bluff to protect it from slumping.</p> |
