Verfahren zur Umwandlung der Struktur von Erdoelkohlenwasserstoffen,die Rohoel oder eine Fraktion davon enthalten

摘要

1306706 Cracking; hydrogenated and/or alkylated tars and uses thereof KUREHA KAGAKU KOGYO KK 23 April 1970 [25 April 1969] 19625/70 Headings C4X C5E and C5F Crude oils or heavy fractions thereof are cracked by contact with high temperature steam to provide (1) a gaseous product containing inter alia acetylene, ethylene, possibly propylene, and hydrogen, (2) an aromatic fraction containing benzene and naphthalene, and (3) a tar comprising polycyclic aromatics; and the tar is catalytically reacted with at least one of hydrogen, ethylene and propylene obtained from the gaseous product, at a temperature lower than the cracked temperature to provide a hydrogenated and/or alkylated tar. Suitable hydrogenation catalysts comprise Co, Mo, Ni, W or Pt, and suitable alkylation catalysts are silica, alumina and zeolites. In Example 1, a naphthenic crude oil was cracked by injection into steam at 2000‹ C., and the products separated into gaseous and liquid fractions. The gaseous fraction was treated with aqueous K 2 CO 3 solution to remove CO 2 , and with acetone or dimethylformamide to recover acetylene, and methane, hydrogen and ethylene were separated by a cooling system. The liquid product was fractionated to yield a benzene/ naphthalene fraction and a tar fraction. The latter was then hydrogenated with the recovered H 2 over a Co/Mo/active Al 2 O 3 catalyst to effect olefin removal and desulphurization, alkylated over alumina with recovered ethylene, and a portion of the alkylated product further hydrogenated over Ni/Al 2 O 3 . In Examples 2 and 3 paraffinic crude oils are cracked and the products treated similarly as far as the first hydrogenation, then in Example 2 by further hydrogenation only, and in Example 3 by alkylation with propylene over silica/alumina only. The hydrogenated and/or alkylated tars produced as above, or fractions thereof, are stated to be useful as, inter alia, heat transfer oils, high energy fuels, and insulating oils.