BETAINE DERIVATIVES

摘要

A compound selected from the group having the formula: and wherein A is selected from O?, OM, and -O-Y-R? B is selected from O? and OM' X? is an anion z is an integer from 0 to 2 with the proviso that only one of A and B ear be O? and z is of a value necessary for charge balance; R is an amidoamine reactant moiety of the formula: wherein R1 is alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, or hydroxyalkyl of from 5 to 22 carbon atoms each, or aryl or alkaryl of up to 20 carbon atoms, R2 is hydrogen or alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or alkenyl of up to 6 carbon atoms each or cycloalkyl of up to 6 carbon atoms, preferably of from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, or polyoxyalkalene of up to 10 carbon atoms, R3 and R4, which may be the same or different, are selected from alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, carboxyalkyl of up to 6 carbon atoms in each alkyl moiety, and polyoxyalkylene of up to 10 carbon atoms; in addition, R3 and R4 taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached, may represent an N-hetero-cycle, e.g., a morpholino structure, in which the Y radical is bonded to a ring atom of said N-hetero-cycle other than the nitrogen: of the R moiety; n is an integer from 2 to 12; or R is an N-heterocyclic radical of the formula: wherein Z is N, S or 0, o is an integer from 0 to 3, p is an integer from 1 to 3; provided that the sum of o+p is from 3 to 4: R1 is defined as before and is linked to a ring car bon atom: and R6 is alkyl of from 2 to 6 carbon atoms which may be substituted with a hydroxyl group at the terminal or a non-terminal carbon atom: Y is alkylene, optionally interrupted by up to 3 oxygen atoms, or up to 12 carbon atoms, which alkylene chain may optionally be substituted with lower alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy or hydroxyalkyl, e.g. of not more than 10 carbon atoms each: M and M', which may be the same or different, are (a) hydrogen, (b) an organic radical selected from alkyl or hydroxyalkyl of up to 6 carbon atoms, polyhydroxyalkyl of up to 10 carbon atoms, glyceryl, cycloalkyl of up to 6 carbon atoms, aryl or arylalkyl of up to 10 carbon atoms, or (c) a salt radical selected from alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and mono-, di-, or tri-ethanolamine, provided that when either M or M' is an organic radical (b), the other M and M' must be hydrogen or a salt radical (c). These phosphobetaines and phosphitaines are good surfactants and quite unexpectedly exhibit good foam volume and superior foam stability in comparison to commercially available amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactants.