| 摘要 |
1. Synergistically active mixtures of substances consisting of A) 0.1 to 1 part by weight of alkali metal salts or alkaline earth metal salts of A1) a monomeric aromatic sulphonic acid, of the general formula (1) (R)1-4 -A[(SO3 )n Mm ]y in which A an aryl radical with 1-4 aromatic rings, R C4 -C20 -alkyl, C4 -C20 -alkenyl, C6 -C20 -cycloalkyl or C6 -C20 -cycloalkenyl, M an alkali metal and m = n = 1, or M an alkaline earth metal and m = 1 and n = 2, and Y an integer from 1 to 4, or A2) a polymeric aromatic (poly)-sulphonic acid, of the general formula (2) see diagramm : EP0034265,P12,F1 in which R1 is C2 -C6 -alkylene, R2 is R1 or a C2 -C6 -alkylene radical which is different from R1 , B is see diagramm : EP0034265,P12,F2 M, n and m are as defined in formula (1), a, b and c are integers >= 1, with the proviso that b = 3 to 30 and a + b + c = 100, and x is a number such that the polymeric salt has an average molecular weight (weight-average molecular weight) ~Mw of 800 to 10**6 , or A3) a monomeric aromatic phosphonic acid, of the general formula (3) (R)1-4 -A[(PO3 )Mp ]z in which A and R are as defined in formula (1), M is an alkali metal and p = 2, or M is an alkaline earth metal and p = 1, and z is 1 or 2, or A4) a monomeric aromatic phosphoric acid half-ester, of the general formula (4) see diagramm : EP0034265,P12,F3 in which A, R and z are as defined in formula (3), and M is an alkali metal and q = 2, or M is an alkaline earth metal and q = 1, or A5) a monomeric phosphoric acid half-ester, of the general formula (5) see diagramm : EP0034265,P12,F4 in which A and R are as defined in formula (1) and M is an alkali metal and d = e = 1, or M is an alkaline earth metal and d = 1 and e = 2, and B) 0.05 to 0.5 part by weight of compounds chosen from B2) neutral C3 -C18 -alkyl esters of aliphatic C4 -C18 -mono-, -di-, -tri- or -tetra-carboxylic acids or B3) neutral C3 -C18 -alkyl esters of aromatic C6 -C12 -mono-, -di-, -tri- or -tetra-carboxylic acids. |
