| 摘要 |
<p>1,157,441. Dimerization of nitriles. IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. 6 May, 1965 [2 June, 1964], No. 22779/64. Heading C2C. [Also in Division C7] The reductive dimerisation of an alpha beta mono olefinically unsaturated nitrile, preferably acrylo nitrile, preferably a partially purified acrylonitrile such as is formed by the interaction of propane, ammonia and oxygen in the presence of a catalyst, is affected by an amalgam reduction system, which may be generated in situ by an electrolytic process, and the said unsaturated nitrile is contained in a medium in which a quantity of alkyl nitrile additional to any generated in situ as a secondary reduction product is present. The reductive dimerisation in the case of acrylonitrile yields adiponitrile. The preferred amalgam is that of an alkali metal, and the reaction medium preferred is aqueous, the pH of the aqueous medium is continuously controlled by the addition thereto of a mineral acid, especially hydrochloric, and the reaction may also be performed in the presence of a sulphonic acid or a sulphonate, or in the presence of a sulphoxide or a sulphone, or tetra-alkyl ammonium ions. The examples describe operation of the process using both electrolytically generated amalgam and preformed amalgam.</p> |
