| 摘要 |
Gas mixtures containing H2 together with CO and/or CO2 and, if desired, N2 are prepared by reforming in the gaseous phase hydrocarbons or mixtures of hydrocarbons with an oxygen-containing gas or gas mixture in the form of carbon dioxide, oxygen, air or steam or mixtures thereof using a nickel and/or nickel oxide catalyst on a porous support consisting predominantly or exclusively of MgO and Al2O3 and in which at least 30% by weight of the support is porous magnesium-aluminium spinel. The hydrocarbons may be saturated or unsaturated C1 to C12 aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons or naphthenes. Example 4 refers to exposing the catalyst to successive treatments which include reforming of methane at 985 DEG C. reforming of methane at 1105 DEG C., oxidation with steam at 1000 DEG C., reforming of methane at 1230 DEG C.ALSO:A reforming catalyst consists of nickel and/or nickel oxide on a porous support which is predominantly or exclusively MgO and Al2O3, at least 30% by weight of the support being porous magnesium aluminium spinel Mg Al2O4. The catalyst may also contain an alkali metal compound, for example potassium oxide. Other divalent and trivalent metals for example Ni, Co, Mn, Co, Cr may form part of the spinel structure. Such a divalent metal may be partly or totally replaced by equimolar quantities of monovalent and trivalent metals, for example Li and/or Na with Al. Similarly the trivalent metal may be replaced by Mg with Ti, Ge, V or Mn. The catalyst may be made by mixing magnesia and alumina or their precursors, optionally with a pore-forming material, shaping, heating to at least 1200 DEG C, cooling, impregnating with, for example, nickel nitrate, and heating. The examples refer to catalysts made from MgO, Al2O3, 3H2O (gibbsite), and magnesium stearate, the spinel being formed by heating at 1450 DEG C. |
