| 摘要 |
In this invention there is taught the use of air tubes or fluid-filled containers to define permanent hollow tubular space within a body of solidified fill material placed in a mining excavation. The fill uses a mixture of solids and liquids with the addition of a structurally binding substance such as cement in order to make the fill substance permanent and capable of providing structural integrity and strength in the fill notwithstanding the empty tubular space. The empty tubular space can be used in accessways for mining and hauling of ore, or ventilation; it can also be used to provide volume within which to place fine component of tailings of a concentrator, or to store contaminants, or to route fill material. The tubular empty space within the fill reduces the weight, time and cost of the fill operation, and eliminates the need to drive galleries in waste rock, or of constructing costly timbered galleries or steel tubes within the stope prior to backfilling with tails. The fill provides support to the excavation, and permits work to be done below or above the fill substance. Mining methods are specified for the invention, including the use of raises, galleries and ramps in stopes. Apparatus is provided for the construction of large diameter inflatable tubes, having low surface tension. Air tubes that permit passage of workmen below the tube are specified, to permit progress of work while concrete roofs are setting. Special designs of hollow inflatable tubes using ring elements and axial elements are specified. There is taught method and apparatus for the use of inflatable tubes acting as moulds or forms for construction of concrete tubes, in which the tube's fabric substitutes firstly conventional wood or metal forms, and can remain integrated to the tube's concrete fill providing tension elements in substitution of steel.
|
