PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF NITRO DERIVATIVES OF AROMATIC COMPOUNDS

摘要

1499115 Nitration of aromatic compounds BAYER AG 9 Jan 1975 [9 Jan 1974] 915/75 Heading C2C Nitro derivatives of "sparingly nitratable aromatic compounds" are produced by contacting the aromatic compound with nitric acid or a nitrating agent in the presence of an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon mono- or poly-substituted by halogen, nitro or sulphonyl, the "sparingly nitratable aromatic compounds" being benzene and naphthalene and their derivatives which are substituted in the nucleus by at least one electron withdrawing substituent with m-orientation, or phenanthrene, quinone, diphenylene sulphone, pyridine-N-oxide, pyrimidine, quinoline, quinoline N-oxide or isoquinoline and their derivatives or derivatives of anthroquinone. A preferred aromatic starting material has the formula wherein X is nitro, nitrile, aldehyde, carboxyl, carbonamide, sulphonic, sulphochloride, mono- or di-alkylsulphonamide, alkoxycarbonyl, mono- or di-alkyl-aminocarbonyl or acyl; R1 is hydrogen, halogen, nitro or optionally substituted acyl; R2 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, carbalkoxy, acylamino or wherein X is as above and a is 1 or 2; R3 is alkyl; and n is 0, 1 or 2, and when n is 2 the two radicals R3, when they are ortho to one another, may together form an optionally substituted C 3 to C 5 alkylene radical. A further preferred aromatic starting material has the formula wherein R1, R3 and n are as defined above; R7 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, carbalkoxy or acylamino; A is -CO- or -SO 2 -; R8 has the same meaning as R3; R9 has the same meaning as R7, R10 has the same meaning as R1 and m is 0, 1 or 2; and when either n and m are 1 or 2, one of each R3 and R8 when they are ortho to A may together form a single bond. Another preferred aromatic starting material has the formula wherein R4, R5, R6 and m are as defined above.