| 摘要 |
<p>Chlorine and caustic alkalies are produced by an electrolytic dissociation of alkali chloride and with the evolution of H gas, by using a combination of (a) a cation exchange diaphragm and (b) a porous metal cathode of low H overpotential which is located next to the diaphragm and the anode. The anode chamber, separated by the diaphragm from the cathode chamber is filled with an aq. soln. contg. 20-27 wt. % NaCl held a temp. 60-90 degrees C, and the cathode chamber is filled with an aq. NaOH soln., the concn. of which is maintained at 25-50 wt. % (20-45 wt. %) NaOH by replacing drained cuastic alkali soln. by water, and held at a temp. 60-90 degrees C. The cell is operated by using a direct current of c.d. 0.54-5.4 Ka/m2 (1.07-4.28 kA/m2) through an anode of stable dimension in the anode chamber, a Raney nickel electrode in the cathode chamber and fed through the soln. via the diaphragm between the anode and cathode, which is composed of a polymer of perfluorsulphonic acid-poly-fluorhydrocarbon. Bubble formation between the electrodes is minimised so that the electrodes with the diaphragm between can be located close to each other. Pollution problems are greatly reduced as no Hg is used in the construction of the cells.</p> |
